Common Complementary And Alternative Medical Treatment...

Introduction Persistent and costly to treat, chronic low back pain is an important public health issue, with the most common Complementary and Alternative Medical treatment being yoga (Khan et al., 2016). In the randomized control trial by Sherman et al. (2011), the researchers studied stretching and yoga as an affordable and universal treatment for chronic low back pain. The trial had three intervention groups, a stretching group, yoga group, and self-care group, that were followed over 6 months, with a 3 month intervention and a separate 3 month follow up period, and interviews at the baseline, 6 weeks in (midway through the intervention), 12 weeks in (the end of the intervention), and at 26 weeks (3 months post intervention). Because†¦show more content†¦However, in this study the follow up interview was completed 3 months after the intervention finished. In another study comparing yoga to usual care provided by the doctor, there was significant improvement in the back functionality and decrease in pain after a year compared to usual care (Tilbrook et al., 2011). Because the study did not follow up with the three groups past 6 months, this study was not able to say whether stretching or yoga was a better treatment for chronic low back pain over time. What the researchers could do to change the limitation into a positive and innovative addition to the study would be to go back and interview the study participants at 1 year from the start of the trial and another year after that. A common method for studies like this is to have the participants return at the halfway point, at the end of the intervention, and 6 months after the end of the intervention (Williams et al., 2009). If the study was to have a longer follow up than the customary amount, it would change the study from examining the short term effect of yoga is on an individual’s chronic low back pain, and extend it to the long term effect on an individual’s chronic low back pain. It would be a pioneering prospective study on how yoga affects chronic low back pain over the course of years rather than 6 months. For a study to be

Analysis Of The Realistic Play A Doll s House

Evaluation of Gender in a Doll’s House Lorie Murphy Galen College Of Nursing Abstract In the realistic play â€Å"A Doll’s House† by Henrick Ibsen’s the cultural conflicts of the nineteenth century are shocking and controversial. The play helps portray the struggles women and men were faced with during that century with their roles. Being a male during this period showed more importance than the female’s role would have been. In the end this theory proves women can be just as responsible as a man. Evaluation of Gender in a Doll’s House Nora and all women of the nineteenth century were valued less and treated negatively. Women were expected to stay home and tend to children and perform all domestic duties. Women were to keep everything†¦show more content†¦Nora tries to plead Krogstad’s case to her husband and we find out that one of Krogstad’s transgressions was forging aa signature on loan documents. This entire situation could have been avoided if women were allowed to make such transactions. Nora Considered herself to be a â€Å"good doll† in the eyes of her father and her husband. She felt her father only paid attention to her when it was convenient for him or when he wanted to show her off. She felt the same way with her husband. Trying to dress her as he wanted, eating as he wanted her to and doing whatever he wanted. She felt as if she had minimal control over her own life and she is beginning to feel as if she is doing the very same thing with her own children. The children were primarily cared for by the maid and she only spent time with them when it was only convenient for her. Torvald on the other hand is doing just as he knows and what he thinks society is expecting of him. He knows it is the man role to be the breadwinner and he is expected that he will be able to do this with his new position at the bank. He believes the man shall make all financial decisions and direct his wife on when he thinks she should do as well as the house staff and the children to behave. He also believes his wife should not influence any of his business decisions. Kristine Linde is not the typical nineteenth century woman. Mrs. Linde is a widow, and is able toShow MoreRelatedA Dolls House Reaction Paper-Drama927 Words   |  4 PagesAngela Ericksen University of Phoenix The play â€Å"A Dolls House† was written by Henrik Ibsen. This play truly is an interesting, play and it really connects with how things can be in real life which helps the readers truly connect with it! Henrik Ibsen,  in full Henrik Johan Ibsen  was a major Norwegian play righter of the late 19th century who introduced to the European stage a new order of moral analysis that was placed against a severely realistic middle-class background and developed with economyRead More A Dolls House: Nora Essay964 Words   |  4 PagesAN  ANALYSIS  OF  NORA, THE MEN IN HER LIFE, AND  HER  NAVIGATATION  TO INDEPENDENCE nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The  play,  A  Doll  House,  written  by  Henrik  Ibsen  in  1879,  is  considered  a   landmark  in  drama  for  its  portrayal  of  realistic  people,  places,  and  situations.  Ibsen   confines  his  story  to  the  middle  class.  He  writes  of  a  society  that  is limited  not only  by  its  means  of  livelihood  but  also  its  outlook.  Ibsen  portrays  his characters    as  preoccupied  with  work  and  money, showing a reductionRead MoreInfluence Of The Body Features Of Barbie On The Ideal Feminine Body1275 Words   |  6 Pagesthe American toy company Mattel, Barbie has become the most famous and popular doll in the world. She has conquered more than 150 countries and over one billion Barbie dolls have been sold around the world since they were launched. Barbie is a young beautiful blonde who is rich and highly-skilled. Mattel claims that she can do more than 150 jobs and buy anything she wants, including clothes, convertible cars and houses. She works as a feminine model, telling girls that they are not worse than boysRead MoreA Doll House: English Analysis of Drama Essay2499 Words   |  10 PagesEnglish:  Analysis  of  Drama IN  THE  NAME  OF  THE  FATHER: AN  ANALYSIS  OF  NORA, THE MEN IN HER LIFE, AND  HER  NAVIGATATION  TO INDEPENDENCE    The  play,  A  Doll  House,  written  by  Henrik  Ibsen  in  1879,  is  considered  a   landmark  in  drama  for  its  portrayal  of  realistic  people,  places,  and  situations.  Ibsen   confines  his  story  to  the  middle  class.  He  writes  of  a  society  that  is limited  not only  by  its  means  of  livelihood  but  also  its  outlook.  Ibsen  portrays  his characters    as  preoccupied  with  work  and  moneyRead MoreA Dolls House Character Analysis1504 Words   |  7 PagesSometimes, characters in a novel or play go through a great dynamic change only to find their true self and to remove the fraudulent perception of themselves in the eyes of others. Such a change leads the character to become fully aware of their life as well as finally understand what a hypocritical life they have mistakenly led. At the beginning of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, Nora Helmer is shown as a childish and na ve housewife with a knack for spending money. This opinion is transferred mostlyRead MoreA Doll House by Henrik Ibsen7379 Words   |  30 PagesMa. Jennifer S. Yap Dr. Sherwin Perlas World Literature January 14, 2012 A Doll House by Henrik Ibsen Translated by Rolf Fjelde I. Introduction During the late nineteenth century, women were enslaved in their gender roles and certain restrictions were enforced on them by a male dominant culture. Every woman was raised believing that they had neither self-control nor self-government but that they must yield to the control of a stronger gender. John Stuart Mill wrote in his essay, â€Å"The SubjectionRead MoreIbsen11859 Words   |  48 PagesCommittee Member ______________________________ Kenneth Cleaver, Ph.D. Committee Member ______________________________ James Nutter, D.A. Honors Director ______________________________ Date Forshey 3 Abstract In Henrik Ibsen’s plays, A Doll’s House, The Wild Duck, The Lady from the Sea, and Hedda Gabler, the theme of captivity is demonstrated in the female protagonists Nora, Hedvig, Ellida, and Hedda. The theme of captivity also serves as a performance guide for the portrayal of theseRead MoreEssay on Preschool Development2454 Words   |  10 Pagesthe main point of the story. †¢ Level three – Application: At this level, the child can give examples of how the concept can or should be used. Children can draw lessons from the story, and determine how it can be used in real life. †¢ Level four – Analysis: Children can break down each idea presented to them, and then think of it in ways that were not introduced to them. At this level, a child can determine what an object does. †¢ Level 5 – Synthesis: This is the level where children will be able toRead MoreLifespan Development And Communication : Development2151 Words   |  9 Pagesinterrelate. These domains will be explained throughout 5 stages of development: perinatal, infancy, early childhood, school children and adolescence. Personal experiences will be linked to theories that have been formed by human development theorists. The analysis of my personal experiences will show how I have developed from the time I was conceived up until 18 years of existence. It will also include descriptions of my family, friends and how the environment and people outside my home have influenced theRead MorePublic Relations And Communication Plans Essay9523 Words   |  39 Pagesrelations include news releases, press conferences, speaking engagements, and community service programs. Although advertising is closely related to public relations—as it too is concerned with promoting and gaining public acceptance for the company s products—the goal of advertising is generating sales, while the goal of public relations is generating good will. The effect of good public relations is to lessen the gap between how an organization sees itself and how others outside the organization

White Collar Crime Coined By Edwin Sutherland - 2133 Words

Crime can occur on various platforms such as the streets of a neighborhood or at a corporation on Wall Street. As a result, crime and criminal behaviour can be explained using a broad set of theories presented by scholars with the focus ranging from the individual offender to the offender’s environment and external influences. White-collar crime coined by Edwin Sutherland, for example, is a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation (Tatham, 2016). The case of Stratton Oakmont in the 1990s is an example highlighting the complexity of white-collar crime and contributes to its understanding. Jordan Belfort, founder of Stratton Oakmont, was found guilty of securities fraud and money laundering, both of which are types of white-collar crime. Fraud, according to Benson and Simpson (2015), is a crime in which a professional uses his or her superior knowledge and expertise to take advantage of something. Over the course of their occupation, the brokers at Stratton Oakmont used their knowledge and expertise to deceive their clients and inflate the prices of stocks under Belfort’s instruction. Ultimately, this fraudulent activity led to Belfort’s and Stratton Oakmont’s illegal financial success. Explanations of general crime can be applied to white-collar crime. Scholars explain white-collar crime using different theories including differential association theory, anomie and strain theory, control theory and rational choiceShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at White Collar Crimes667 Words   |  3 Pagesthis research paper that you are about to read you will learn something’s about white collar. You will be learning who coined the term, what it is, and you will also be learning who does it. The term white collar is define as- of or relating to the work done or those who work in an office or other professional environment. It was coined by the late great Edwin Sutherland in 1941. Sutherland said ‘’ white collar is a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course ofRead MoreEssay on White Collar Crime and Corporate Crime1509 Words   |  7 PagesWhite Collar crime is not a crime unto it self, but instead a criteria that has to be met in order for a crime to be considered as White- Collar Crime; (Blount, 2002) hence the reason why Corporate Crime is also considered as White- Collar Crime. At the same time, White Collar Crime and Corporate Crime can be seen as distinct criminological categories, however, in order to reveal this, this essay will firstly be exploring Sutherlands definition of white collar crime and the perplexity with thisRead MoreA Perfect World, Economic Inequality1337 Words   |  6 Pageswith or deviated from based on a person’s zip code. If within this perfect world crime did exist, the ramifications of criminal acts would be blind to race, wealth, or family name. Unfortunately, the illustration of a perfect world is far from it, it’s nonexistent. The world we live in today is full of disparities. There are special rules and special laws for certain people especially when it comes to crime and punishment. Everyone is not created equal. Society looks up to the wealthyRead MoreWhite Collar Crime By Edwin Sutherland Essay2013 Words   |  9 PagesWhite Collar Crime by Edwin Sutherland, published in 1949, is a study in the theory of criminal behaviour. Sutherland states that this book is an attempt to reform the theory of criminal behaviour only, not to reform anything else. And although it may include implications for social reforms, this is not the objective of the book. Sutherland define white collar crime as ‘a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation’ (pp. 9). He adds thatRead MoreThe White Collar Crime By Edwin Sutherland1604 Words   |  7 PagesE dwin Sutherland coined the term ‘white-collar crime’ and defined it as â€Å"crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation.† (Black, 2010). While Sutherland focused on the perpetrator and his/her characteristics and roles in committing the crime, there were flaws within this definition in that it would not endure the progression of white-collar crime. By focusing on the individual and paying more attention to the actual crime, criminologist andRead MoreWhite Collar Crimes And Criminal Offences1238 Words   |  5 Pagesthe last decade, check fraud has declined in recent years, and cyber crime is surging† (Scanio and Ludwig). Fraudulent activity is everywhere. It is a crime even though there are no victims. Scams, price fixing, wiring accounts, fraud of all sorts, etc are all types of white-collar crimes. Not all crimes that are committed are even performed by the Chief Financial Officer. It has becom e more accessible, to commit these crimes, with the mass amounts of internet and cellular towers available. WhileRead MoreConflict Theory : Conflict Criminology, And Sociology799 Words   |  4 Pages2002). In the 1960s, criminologists began to study the social conditions of the U.S. which promoted class conflict and crime. This paper will discuss how conflict theory relates to both criminology and sociology, how politics play a role in conflict theory, and how politics influence crime rates of the lower class. Also, this paper will evaluate various sociological schools of crime causation. â€Å"Conflict theory is the view that human behavior is shaped by interpersonal conflict and those who maintainRead MoreWhite Collar Street Crime Essay1198 Words   |  5 PagesWhite-Collar Crime or Street Crime: Which is More Costly to Society? What is crime? Merriam-Webster defines crime as â€Å"an act or the commission of an act that is forbidden or the omission of a duty that is commanded by a public law and that makes the offender liable to punishment by that law† (Merriam-Webster). There are many types of crime but the two this paper will focus on are street crime and white- collar crime. There is no definitive definition of street crime, but it is generallyRead MoreThe Growing Problem of White Collar Crimes in India19963 Words   |  80 PagesThe Growing Problem of White Collar Crimes in India â€Å"The practitioners of evil, the hoarders, the profiteers, the black marketers and speculators are the worst enemies of our society. They have to be dealt with sternly, however well placed important and influential they may be; if we acquiesce in wrongdoing, people will lose faith in us†- Dr Radhakrishnan Methodology The research methodology used for the present research article is traditional DoctrinalRead MoreCrimes Of Privilege: White Collar Crimes And The One Percent.1970 Words   |  8 PagesCrimes of Privilege: White Collar Crimes and the One Percent White collar crime has been recognized as something that is an issue since 1939 when it was brought up in a political meeting by Edwin Sutherland. Sutherland was interested in the fact that people of the working class were not being noticed for the crimes that some of them are involved in. The concern was that the criminal activity that was being addressed during this time were predominantly trivial crimes. While they were getting all

The Functions and Role of Law in Business and in Society

Functions and Role of Law in Business and Society Law plays an important role in the creation and maintenance of a just and orderly society. In the absence of law, anarchy would most likely prevail. It is also important to note that to a large extent, law regulates and guides the interactions humans have in their day to day undertakings be it in business or in other aspects of their daily lives. In seeking to highlight the key functions and role of law in business and society, it would be prudent to first offer a concise definition of the term law. In the past, various authors and scholars have offered a variety of definitions to the term law. For this reason, this particular term does not have an assigned definition. However, for purposes of this discussion, it is the definition William Blackstone gave to the term that will be embraced. Law according to Blackstone (as cited in Mann, 2013, p. 3) is a rule of civil conduct prescribed by the supreme power in a state, commanding what is right, and prohibiting what is wrong. One of the key functions of law in the opinion of Mann (2013) is maintenance of stability in not only the social system, but in also the economic and political systems as well. To accomplish this general function, the law according to the author also concerns itself with a number of other specific functions. These functions include but they are not in any way limited to state preservation, property protection, and dispute resolution. In theShow MoreRelatedRoles and Functions of Law in Business and Society Essay908 Words   |  4 PagesRoles and Functions of Law in Business and Society Introduction William O. Douglas said, â€Å"Common sense often makes good law.† Well that is what laws essentially are, rules and regulations that make sure common sense is followed. One could even say that laws are enforced ethics. Laws serve several roles and functions in business and society, and this paper will discuss those roles and functions. What is law? According to Reference.com (2007), law is defined as: â€Å"rules of conduct of any organizedRead MoreThe Functions and Role of Law in Business and Society: Case Study of Cipollone vs. Liggett Group Inc677 Words   |  3 Pagesdefine the functions and role of law in business and society. This work will discuss the role of law in the past or present job or industry of the writer. Introduction The case of Cipollone v. Liggett Group, Inc. relates the 1965 Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act which specifically requires that a conspicuous label warning of smokings health hazards be placed on every package of cigarettes sold. This case is centered on the meaning and application of this act. Business law throughRead MoreRole and Functions of Law1056 Words   |  4 PagesRole and Functions of Law: Law is a concept that has evolved from basic morality with which the society cannot function properly without. Generally, law is associated with the customs and traditions that the society considers to be right or wrong. As a concept that has developed throughout the history of many societies, law has become an important facet in todays businesses and society. Notably, this concept has been part of the society since the period of the most primitive societies where itRead MoreRole and Functions of Law Paper761 Words   |  4 PagesRole and Functions of Law Paper Role and Functions of Law â€Å"Law plays a significant role in the successful operation of business and society† (Bushman, 2007). Laws help to keep behavior intact and regulate standards. Law sets rules and expectations. They also provide ways to dispute issues while serving as an enforcer. The law allows individuals to enjoy freedom, live in a fair society, check government, and have justice. The law is very complex, thereforeRead MoreRole and Functions of Law842 Words   |  4 PagesRole and Functions of Law Introduction Over time man has evolved from an uncivilized primate to a technological driven working machine, but that evolution could not have occurred without law. Law gives the backbone a society needs to flourish in a civilized and more or less positive way. Although laws in most societies are not perfect, they keep society members in check and prevent chaos from running amok. In this paper I will discuss the major roles and functions of law will be discussed includingRead MoreRole and Function of Law907 Words   |  4 PagesRole and Function of Law Paper Andrew Urey LAW/421 July 10, 2013 Winifred Cannon Role and Function of Law Paper In society as well as a business, law plays a significant role in their daily operation. For a society to be efficient and effective, laws have to be put into place to regulate social behavior. This paper intent is to define the functions and role of law in business and society. Finally, an example of how law is observed in the United States Navy will be elaborated upon. Read MoreRoles and Function of Law737 Words   |  3 PagesRoles and Functions of Law Laws must be observed in order for business, society, and local government to operate proficiently. Laws are put into place to help keep people’s behaviors in order and to regulate standards. Law is a body of rules of action or conduct prescribed by controlling authority and having legal binding force. The common characteristic of the current state of law is that it creates duties, obligations, and rights that reflect accepted views of a given society (Melvin, 2011). TheRead MoreRoles and Functions of Law1035 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: Role and Functions of Law Role and Functions of Law LAW/421 University of Phoenix Role and Functions of Law Every civilization that has existed has implemented rules that govern how that civilization should live and act, these rules and practices are what we call laws. The definition of law according to Merriam-Webster (2012), a binding custom or practice of a community: a rule of conduct or action prescribed or formally recognized as binding or enforced by a controllingRead MoreEssay on The Roles and Functions of Law881 Words   |  4 PagesThe Roles and Functions of Law LAW/421 September 9, 2012 The Roles and Functions of Law The longest serving Supreme Court Judge William O Douglas most popular quotations is â€Å"Common sense frequently makes great law† This quote is what laws are rules and regulations that make common sense is, and to enforced ethical decision. Laws help the public as well as keep many parts in community. In business and society laws serve several roles and functions, and this paper will discuss those roles andRead MoreEssay on Role and Functions of Law960 Words   |  4 PagesRole and Functions of Law The law is a delicate yet malleable set of rules and principles that are formed to suite the needs of those deciding its purpose. The role of law for business and society is to provide set rules and procedures that fall within general functions which reflect the position of the people. In various types of governments the law is adjusted to suite the needs of the dictator, its citizens or its elected body as seen fit. In a republic, such as the United States of America

Heroin and Pretty Good Book Free Essays

Jude by Kate Morgenroth is a story about a fifteen year old named Jude. It’s a pretty good book about a kid who struggles in a drug and murder world. Jude’s mom abandoned him when he was young. We will write a custom essay sample on Heroin and Pretty Good Book or any similar topic only for you Order Now His dad was drug dealer that mainly deal with heroin. Sadly his dad was murdered and he was a witness. He can’t go to the police or his life will be in danger. This is the story of a fifteen year old named Jude. When his dad dies of an overdose he is alone. Till his mom with open arms lets him in her life. The fact that his mom has a boyfriend didn’t make his stay easier. On top of that he is a police officer named Harry. Harry is a good guy but a stereotype towards Jude cause of his history with his dad. His mom thinks it would be best if he went to a private school. Jude didn’t like it and didn’t have many friends. One day a classmate dies of a overdose and Jude is the first person everyone looks at. Cause of his history with his dad he is held for trial for murder. Jude has a court date for his murder trial. Though innocent, he has no evidence to prove otherwise. His mom is worried and Harries trying to get the evidence to prove him not guilty. Jude is pretty much in his own world. This fifteen year old boy with a worried mother and died dad. All he can do is blame his dad for this horrible history he is left with. Then his mom’s boyfriend goes to his room to give him the news. He tries to explain the risky scheme he has came up with. Jude thought it was either the plan or jail so he decides to go through with it. The plan that Harry came up with was risky but it was all they got. He explains how he has to get his friend Anna elected for an anti-drug campaign that would clear his name and his history. He got news that he was going to be tried as an adult for his trail. It worried him that if the plan doesn’t work he could do up to 5 years. So he helps Harry on his plan to prove his innocents. It worked, he got Anna elected for the anti-drug campaign. When trail was up the biggest twist I have ever read. Harry double crossed him and got him sent to 5 years of hard labor. The plan was for finical gain towards the campaign and getting Jude out of the way. This story about a fifteen year old boy named Jude. About his drug, murder, and jail filled life. His life started with a dead drug dad and a mom that didn’t even want him. Now he is jail doing 5 years cause of his mother’s boyfriend. This is a story of a boy and his messed up world. This is probably the best book if u likes twist and action. I recommend this book to older teens like 15+ but a really good book. How to cite Heroin and Pretty Good Book, Essay examples

Manfold Toy Essay free essay sample

The debate regarding the role of business in society has persisted over decades. Given the increase in corporate scandals and anti-globalization movements, business corporations are being increasingly pressured to engage in activities or conditions that relate to the company’s core operations. The Increasing institutional pressures to behave as good citizens coupled with the relentless pressure from financial markets to perform, poses a challenge for managerial decision making. In this essay, I will provide my definition of   good business ethics, describe the specific challenges that management faces when engaging in international business, express how Manfold Toy’s corporate governance failed to take part in ethical business behavior and provide recommendations to strengthen these governance features to ensure future ethical business practices. b. Discussion of your main ideas (Weight: 40%): about 1. 5 page Definition of good business ethics Good business ethics are the application of a moral code of conduct that guide the way a business behaves. Ethical business practices include assuring that the highest legal and moral standards are applied and observed through actions, decisions and relationships within the business community. This definition runs hand-in-hand with socially accepted ethical principles; business actions must be judged in the context of society’s standards of what is ethically right and wrong. Businesses have a social responsibility to use this ethical behavior while making decisions and taking actions in order to enhance societal well-being. Management accountability to stakeholders for profit making A stakeholder is an individual who has interest in company performance, hence is an employee of that company. They also have legal decision-making rights and may control project scheduling and budgetary issues. Given the responsibilities of stakeholders, management should provide full and timely disclosure of relevant information to shareholders and engage in transparent business practices. Socially responsible business behavior Socially responsible behavior: discretionary decisions and actions taken by individuals in organizations to enhance societal well-being. In taking decisions and actions that enhance societal welfare, these individuals are putting their virtues in the service of the common good. This requires, however, the capacity to take into consideration the situational constraints, the interdependencies, and the multiple, often conflicting demands of various stakeholders. In the long term we believe that shareholders will benefit when stakeholders needs and concerns are more integrated in strategic decision making. This recognizes the complexity and interdependence of the organization and its stakeholders, including shareholders, and is in line with the importance of quality connections with the larger community Balance theory of wisdom proposes that people are wise to the extent they apply their intelligence, creativity, and wisdom toward a common good by balancing their own interests, the interests of others and the interests of organization; over the long and short terms; through the infusion of values, to adapt, to shape and select environments. CSR: the integration of social and environmental concerns in the daily operations and in the interactions with stakeholders on a voluntary basis. Specific challenges for managing business that arise from doing business in other countries Although legal restrictions present difficulties for international managers, the most challenging adjustments for management are the different political structures, economic conditions, culture-driven codes of ethics and localized customs that have been established in the country they decide to do business. Before proceeding with the idea of doing business in another country, it needs to assess the economic condition that exists in the market. It is imperative to have prior knowledge about the return for your investment in the country you are considering. More importantly, international companies are confronted with a variety of decisions that create ethical dilemmas for decision makers; committing an act that is unacceptable in the home country might be expected and necessary in the host country. For example, in a country where political structures put limitations on certain business transactions, bribes will be offered to government officials to speed up the approval process. When your company makes such payments, it is encouraging a local system of corruption through unethical behavior, which is not always considered illegal. Smaller gifts, of a size that would not normally influence a major decision, are considered ethical in some societies and may be legal under local and U. S. laws. c. Examples and details from case (Weight: 40%): about 1. 5 page 3 examples of unethical behavior 1. Delaying manufacturing equipment to reduce costs (built reputation from using latest equipment and top-grade raw materials) (Jiaxong’s plan) (denied that there was risk) 2. Extending long-term credit and signing secret agreements with distributors to buy-back anything not sold within 12 months (daniel’s plan) (denied that there was risk) 3. Rating that Manfold Toy’s stock had outperformed (bribe by Daniel to Francis in Thailand) 4. Joseph and Ken’s relationship (Joseph sold Ken’s son vintage car at huge discount†¦Ken gave year end audit 5. Fred How does it violate my definition of good business ethics Weaknesses of corporate governance mechanisms Contributes to unethical behaviors described above Recommendations to strengthen governance features Keep the unique ethical climate of each market in mind when crafting your code of ethics to ensure that it is relevant to the international arena. Make adherence to the code a priority among executives and management to set an example for the rest of the organization. Post the code of ethics in high-traffic areas at the home office, branch offices and foreign subsidiaries. Ask managers to justify their ethical decisions in foreign markets according to the code of ethics to ensure that managers take it seriously. According to business-ethics. org, it is important to include international employees in the process of creating your ethics program. This will help to make your ethics programs as relevant as possible in foreign markets. Step 2 Follow local customs and traditions at your discretion. Decide on a case-by-case basis which local customs to follow and which to avoid when it comes to victimless issues. Use your code of ethics when dealing with humanitarian and environmental issues, such as child labor or deforestation, and use your discretion in issues such as bribery or wage considerations. You may, for example, decide to offer cash gifts to government officials in a country where there is no other reasonable way to gain a foothold in the market, but you may decide not to enter a country if raw materials must be gained through suppliers who use indentured labor. Related Reading: How to Measure Employee Ethical Standards Step 3 Apply your standards equally in all markets, and among all subsidiaries. Stick to your standards, whatever they are. If you have a policy of following your home countrys ethical standards around the world, be prepared to turn down opportunities in markets with unfavorable ethical climates. Respond courteously and respectfully if you do have to turn down an opportunity. Do not act superior or derisive when turning down unethical opportunities; simply explain that your companys code of ethics forbids you to engage in that type of behavior, and that you would like to keep the business relationship intact for future opportunities. If your policy is to take local customs into consideration when making ethical decisions, do not shun a country immediately because of differences from your home country. Make sure that all managers and decision-makers understand your commitment to ethical standards. Step 4 Make company-wide ethics training a regular activity, in addition to administering comprehensive ethics training programs for new hires. Use training sessions to highlight actual areas of concern in your organization, citing specific examples as often as possible. How will they correct these unethical behaviors and practice ethical business management in the future?

Qualitative Research Focuses and Systematic Investigation

Question: Discuss about the Qualitative Research Focuses and Systematic Investigation. Answer: Introduction: The term Research means a systematic investigation of any particular topic from various sources like published journals, books, news, etc in order to add up to the already existing facts or to establish some new points in that topic. According to most of the people this activity is not pursued by common people in their daily life. People with outstanding gift of intelligence and high level of focus and commitment are only being able to take up research. It can be argued that even people who are not possessing the above mentioned quality but are trained with an enquiring mind can take up research (Howard and Sharp 1983: 6). According to this book, the term research has been defined as a methodical process by which one can increase their knowledge and also can help others to boost their knowledge by adding up a different insight or non-trivial solution to the matter. Drew (1980) connotes that the purpose behind carrying out research is to expand knowledge ad solve problems (p. 4). He stresses on the point that research being a systematic way to conduct enquiry or even ask questions (p. 8). The most important part of a project is not its title, study or inquiry but the stylized systematic approach taken to complete the project. There is need for thorough planning and a way to keep a proper track of the data collected for the purpose. There is a demand of good supervisor in the academic field as books cannot be the substitute of a supervisor. If a person can get the heck of the basic techniques and approaches, then they can use their tutorial time optimally. Research approach: There are a varied number of ways, traditions or styles by which data can be collected for the purpose of research. None of the methods have been officially rejected or prescribed in conducting the research. The data collected can be of quantitative or qualitative type. The quantitative data gives results a generalized results by comparing different sets of facts collected for the research. Qualitative research focuses on particular issues. They are more concerned with the qualitative insight of the matter. Qualitative researchers doubt the existence of social facts. They also have the notion that scientific approach is not justifiable while dealing with human beings. Often it has been seen that a researcher use multiple method to establish his view, like a qualitative analysis can be backed by a quantitative support. There is no rule that once a technique is chosen, the researcher cannot digress from the foresaid technique and apply other techniques. There are various types of resea rches like qualitative, ethnographic, quantitative and even survey. Each type of methods has its own pros and cons and carried out in certain different context. The different types of information required to complete a project mainly determines the methodology used in the same. In this paper a brief notion of varied styles of research will be discussed for others to apply in their investigation.